Carburetor



Nov. 30,1926, 1,608,846

E. FAUCONNIER ET AL OARBURETOR Filed Dec. 20. 193 040 7 EdouardIauconnier Zf Albert Simpre 7 hi v |NVENTOR5 til Patented Nov. 30, 1926.

EDOUAR'D FAUCONN'IER, OF NEVEBS, AND ALBERT SIMPEBE, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

GARBURETOR.

irrespective of the hygrometric state of the air, a combustible gasresulting from the.

homogeneous intermingling of air and vaporized gasoline or the like andhaving as uniform a composition as is required so as to afford asubstantially uniform calorific power. Now, it is a well known fact thatthe atmospheric air drawn into the appliances intended for producingcarbureted air frequently contains, particularly at certain periods ofthe year and in certain regions of the earth, an important amount ofmoisture. lVhen coming in contact with, the gasoline in the course ofevaporation, the said moisture condenses either as mist or as frostandby thus settling down as misty or frosty film upon the surface of thegasoline more or less prevents the latter from properly contacting withthe incoming air, as a result of which the richness of the carburetedair changes. Furthermore, when the feed of carbureted air isinterrupted, the evapora tion of the gasoline or other fuel continues,this results in the production of too rich a gas mixture, this beingalso partly due to a slight reheating of the air.

The primary object of the presentinven tion is to obviate the drawbackshereinbefore referred to by providing the hitherto commonly constructedappliances for producing carbureted air of the various types withacarbureting casing having a device based on the refrigeration principlefor con densing the moisture of the atmospheric air, the air thusdeprived of its moisture being thereafter intermingled with theevaporated gasoline deprived to a carbureted air of substantiallyuniform composition,

A further object of the invention is the provision of a casing forcarbureting the air whilst at the same time condensing the moisturetherein contained, the refrigerating walls of which are constituted bythe walls of the channels through which circa.- lates the gasolineintended for carbureting the said air having previously been deprived ofits moisture, as above described, whereby without the addition of anymoisture to the air it becomes possible to continuously and cheaplydeprive of its moisture whilst warm- Applieation filed December 20,1923, Serial No. 681,730, and in France September 3, 1923.

ing up the carburetor and consequently to enhance its output and topermit the use of heavier hydrocarbons.

lVith these and other objects in view as will incidentally appearhereinafter, the invention comprises the novel ar'angement,

construction and combination of parts that will now be described indetail with reference to the accompanying drawing and will be moreparticularly emphasized in the appended claims.

In the drawing 1-- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View on the line.ez, Fig. 2, of the casing for refrigeratingand carbureting the air,which casing is embodied in the appliance hereinafter described.

Figure 2 is partly a vertical sectional view on the line w-w, Fig. 1,and partly an elevational view of the said casing.

Figure 3 is partly an elevational view and partly ,a sectional view ofan appliance according to the invention comprising a drum unit fordrawing in the fresh air and for e10 and a device for distributing theliquid fuel.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a portion of the corrugated gauze onwhich the liquid fuel flows during the carbureting of the air which haspreviously been deprived of its moisture.

In all these figures similar parts are dcsignated by correspondingreference numerals.

According to the invention within a water vat 1 of rectangularcross-sectional shape carried horizontally by brackets 2 and supportedby four vertical pillars 3 held in spaced relationship by a top frame ais ro tatably arranged a hollow drum unit 5 provided with a plurality ofpartitions 6 and pierced with longitudinal slots 7 adjacent saidpartitions. The carbureted air drawn in by the rotation of this drumunit is expelled into a laterally disposed receptacle 8 mountedconcentrically to its axis and communicating through a gooseneck shapedpipe 9 with a suitable gasometer (not shown). The vat 1 is closed at itsupper end by an outwardly bowed lid 10 the edge of which dips into ahydraulic seal 10. Said vat 1, drum unit 5 and lid 10 may be for thesake of clearness termed an aspirator, the function of which appearsherein after. Between the said lid 10 and the circumferential wall ofthe rotatable drum unit 5 is arranged the casing unit B adapted forcondensing the moisture contained in the incoming air and forcarbureting the said air thus deprived of moisture.

The condensing or carbureting device or casing unit for the air issupported by two or more arch-shaped members 11 formed of tubes weldedat their ends to the side edges of tapered troughs 12 carriedhorizontally by squares 13 depending from rings 14 secured to thepillars 3; other tubes 15 are arran ed transversely to the arch-shapedmembers '11. On the said tubes 11 and 15 is advantageously spread alarge-meshed gauze 16 extending from the lower mouth of the carburetingchannels E formed by the two sloping portions of the casing B (seeFigure 1) to a position overhanging the troughs 12.

The lid 10, casing B, arch-shaped members 11 and troughs 12 are bodilyconnected and carried en bloc on the squares 13, the vat 1 beinghermetically closed owing to the dipping of the lid edge into thehydraulic guard 10.

On the top frame 4 are carried the usual devices required in the type ofappliance herein described, to wit; a gasometer, a windlass and anelectric motor for rotating the drum unit. Neither of these devicesforming the subject matter of the invention is shown and described. Thefuel tank 18 is similarly carried on the said frame 4. All these devicesare fixedly secured to this frame which therefore must be perfectlyhorizontal. In order to ensure the horizontality of the frame, top andbottom nuts- 17 are'provided on the top and lower ends By suitablyscrewing up orof the pillars. unscrewing the said nuts, it becomespossible to take'up any slant that might take place in the position ofthe vat 1 or frame 4.

The fuel'tank 18 is supported above the frame 4 by means of legs 19 andis provided with an overhead chamber 20 and opposite said chamber with atrough 21 positioned underneath the level of the bottom of the saidtank. By this arrangement, it is possible fora scoop 22 provided at theextremity of an elongated pipe 23 pivotally mounted upon a pin 24 tointermittently dip the liquid fuel 6 out of the trough 21 and to pour itthrough the opposite nozzleshaped extremity 25 of the said pipe 23 intoa funnel 26 communicating through a suit able trap 27 with thecondensing and carbureting casing unit B. On the removable cover 28 ofthe said chamber 20 are secured an air tube 29 and an indicator 30 ofthe level of the liquid fuel.

The condensing and carbureting casing unit B represented separately inFigures 1 and 2 is of the general shape of a prism closed at its twoends 31 and having an upface 32 is welded a cylindrical pipe 36 whose.

outer part is screu threaded to receive an intake tube 37 (Fig. 3)through which the atmospheric air enters into the casing B. On the lowerpart of the said pipe 36 is welded a horizontal diaphragm 38 extendofthe casing B. Above the said diaphragm 38 the pipe 36 is formed withside apertures 39. Finally the bottom part of the pipe forms a seat fora valve 40 provided with a shank 40 by means of which it is possible toadjust said valve with respect to its seat.

Within the outer casingB is arranged. an inner casing only extendingover a part of its length. This inner casing whose walls are symmetricalrelatively to the vertical axis 0 0 is limited at its lower end by theequally slanting walls 41 and at its upper end by mg over the greaterportion of the length the equally slanting walls 42, the latter wallsbeing continued at their upper end by the vertical longitudinal walls 43which in turn are continued at their top end by the horizontal diaphragm38. The vertical side walls 44 (see Fig. 2) of the said inner casing aredisposed parallel to the end walls 31 of the outer casing B. Extendingfrom the bottom 41, in parallelism to the axis 00 and between the walls44 to a short distance above the diaphragm 38, are a pair of verticalpartitions 45. These partitions 45 are IOU connected at their topends'by an inverted V shaped roof 46; below the edge of this roof 46each of the said partitions 45 is pierced with a row of holes 47. Theslanting channels E limited by parallel walls 41 and 42- are opened onthe side faces 35 of the outer casing B.

The arrangement of the inner casing withinthe outer casing B provides onboth sides a vertical passage C which establishes a lateralcommunication between the upper compartment D and the lower compartmentD. As indicated by the full line arrows in Figures 1 and 2, theatmospheric air which is drawn in owing to the rotation of the drum unit5 enters through the apertures 39, passes through the compartments D andescaping through the lateral passages C reaches the compartments Dwhereafter it ascends through the central chimney F and passes throughthe holes 47 to become satu- The carburetor is constructed b weldin V eagainst the inner slanting walls 41 and 42 of the two channels Esuitable lengths of corrugated gauze as shown in Figure t so that thusthe flat portion 57 if the said gauze is welded to the said walls 41 and42 and the corrugations 56 protrude beyond the said walls edgewise ofthe channels E. The said corrugations 56 are arranged at right angles tothe plane of the mouth of the said channels. Another length of gauze lSis held taut between the lid 46 and the upper end of each channel Ethroughout the length of the inner casing.

On the external face of the lid lG is applied the pipe 27 adapted forfeeding the liquid fuel into the carburetor. This pipe is perforated asat 52 (Fig. 2) all along the tangent contacting with the said lid 416'so as to permit the fuel that percolates through the said perforationsto be disitributed on the gauze l8 and thence through the meshes of theother gauge 57. The drops of fuel that have not been evaporated andcarried away by the air passing through the channels E fall on the saidgauze portion 57, welded to the lower Wall 41 as above described,whereas the fuel drops that escape at the end of the said channels Econtinue to travel upon the large-meshed gauze 16 supported by thearch-shaped members 11 and are thus maintained in contact with the moreor less carbureted air travelling to wards the drum 5. In the event offuel drops reaching the lower end of the gauze 16, they are bound tofall into the troughs 12. The fuel generally follows the path a.indicated by the arrows (see Figs. 1 and 2) and by the arrows 6 (seeFig. The carbureted air travels in the direction indicated by the arrowsa 9 (see Fig. and the resulting gas flows away along the path asindicated by the arrows g.

It will be understood that the outer air, by contacting the walls ll and42 of the two channels E (cooled by the evaporation of the fuel) iscaused to condense its entrained moisture against the said walls. Thiscondensed moisture collects in the bottom portion 34 of the casing B,escapes through the holes 58 and drips into the water vat 1. The airthus having been deprived of its moisture ascends through the chimney Fand is afterwards fit for becoming properly saturated with fuel bycontacting with the gauzes 48 and 57.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that a carbureting apparatus isprovided which may advantageously be used wherever, it may be necessarybecause of the high moisture content of the atmospheric air to deprivethe air to be carbureted of its moisture before submitting same to thecarburation proper, the condensing and carbureting operations being, asabove stated, performed mostsimply and efficiently in the sameapparatus.

Itmust be understood that the form of this invention herewith shown anddescribed is to be taken as a preferred embodiment of the same and thatvarious changes in the shape, size, number and more generally in thearrangement of the seve'al parts may be resorted to without departingfrom the spirit of the invention or the scope of the subjoined claims.

hat we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A. carburetorof the character described, comprising a carbureting chamber having anair inlet and a car'bureted air outlet, and a casing for dehydrating theair supplied to the chamber, said casing en closing all of said chamberexcept the outlet.

2. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a casing havingan air inlet, a chamber within said casing having opposite open endsextending through opposite walls of said casing, and means for supplyingfuel to the inside walls of said chamber, said chamber having openingswhereby the air in said casing may pass around said chamber, into saidchamber through said openings, and out of said chamber through said openends.

3. A carburetor of the character described, comprising a chamber withopen ends and openings in its under side, means for supplying fuel tothe inside walls of said chamber, and a casing enclosing all of saidchamber except the open ends, and having an inlet 'for air whereby suchair may pass around said chamber, into said chamber through saidopenings, over said fuel to become carbureted thereby, and out of saidopen ends.

4:. A carburetor of the character described, as claimed in claim 3,including means in said chamber for directing the fuel in a spreadcondition along the inside walls thereof whereby the walls becomesufficiently cool to condense moisture in the air passing over theoutside of the chamber, and whereby the spread fuel becomes preheated bysuch condensation.

5. A carburetor of the character described, as claimed in claim 3,including means in said chamber for directing the fuel in a spreadcondition along the inside walls thereof, said means conuprisingcorrugated gauze carried by the walls of the chamber.

6. A carburetor of the character described, as claimed in claim 3,including means in said chamber for directing the fuel in a spreadcondition along the inside walls there of, said means comprisingcorrugated gauze carried by the walls of the chamber, and a perforatedfuel supply pipe positioned to supply separate streams of fuel to spacedportions of the gauze.

7. A carburetor of the character described, as claimed in claim 3. inwhich said chamber has a central inverted U-shaped portion and IOUslanting lateral portions, said means comprising corrugated gauzecarried by the Walls of the slanting portions, gauze strips spanning thevertical parts of the U-shaped portion, and a perforated supply pipe inthe horizontal part of the U-shaped portion, whereby fuel flows from thepipe across and through said gauze strips to the upper and lower wallsof the slanting portions respectively and thence in a spread conditiontoward the open ends of the chamber.

8. A carburetor of the character described, as claimed in claim 3, inwhich said chamber has a centralinverted U-shaped portion, and in whichsaid openings in the under side are in the lateral Walls of the spaceembraced by said U-shaped portion.

9. Ina carburetor of the character described, the combination With achamber having an air inlet and a carbureted air outlet, and means forsupplying fuel to the inside Walls of said chamber, of corrugated gauzecarried by said Walls for spreading the fuel, said gauze comprising asingle strip having spaced depending portions constituted by foldedportions of said gauze.

10. A carbureter of the character described comprising a carburetingchamber, means for supplying fuel to said chamber, a casing partiallyenclosing said chamber and having a top air inlet, said chamber andcasing having coincident outlet openings, an aspirator enclosing all ofsaid casing except the air inlet, an arched support in said aspi ratorfor said casing, gauze carried by said support and troughs at oppositeends of said support whereby excess unvaporized fuel es" caping fromsaid outlet openings will be guided by said gauze to said troughs.

In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specification.

EDOUARD FAUCONNIER. ALBERT SIMPERE'

